What condition involves the narrowing and hardening of the arteries, restricting blood flow?

The condition that involves the narrowing and hardening of the arteries, thereby restricting blood flow, is arteriosclerosis. This process typically occurs as the arterial walls become stiff and lose their elasticity over time, which can lead to decreased blood flow to vital organs and tissues.

Arteriosclerosis can contribute to various cardiovascular diseases and increases the risk of heart attacks and strokes. It is important to recognize that although atherosclerosis, which involves the buildup of plaque within the arterial walls, is a specific subtype of arteriosclerosis, the broader definition includes the general hardening and narrowing of arteries that affects blood flow.

Understanding the distinction between these processes is crucial in a healthcare context, as it guides appropriate management and treatment strategies for patients at risk of cardiovascular complications.